学习重点：Expressing Politeness 礼貌的表达方式
Expressing politeness 礼貌的表达方式
表示让某人做某事或请求许可时有许多种表达方式。我们来看一下在不同的场合下的不同表达。为了这件使语调更为柔和以及增加礼貌程度，常用条件时态（条件时态用红色来表示）。
让某人做某事
|
|
肯 定 |
否 定 |
|
命令句
|
Stand over there.
到那边站着！ |
Don’t stand over there.
别站在那边。 |
|
Will +主语+不定式？
Can +主语+不定式？ |
Will you stand over there?
Can you stand over there?
你能站在那边吗？ |
Will you not stand over there?
Can you not stand over there?
你能不站在那边吗？ |
|
Would + 主语+不定式？
|
Would you stand over there?
Could you stand over there?
请站在那边好吗？ |
Would you not stand over there?
Could you not stand over there?
请不要站在那边，好吗？ |
|
Do you mind +-ing?
|
Do you mind standing over there?
你介意站在那边吗？ |
Do you mind not standing over there?
不站在那边，你介意吗？ |
|
Would you mind +-ing?
|
Would you mind standing over there.
您介意站在那边吗？ |
Would you mind not standing over there
不站在那边，你介意吗？ |
|
I’d like +宾语+to +不定式
I’d prefer+宾语+to +不定式
|
I’d like you to stand over there.
我希望你站在那边。
I’d prefer you to standf over there.
我更希望你站在那边。 |
I’d like you not stand over there.
我希望你不站在那边。
I’d prefer you not to standf over there.
我更希望你不站在那边。 |
|
I’d rather+过去时态分句
|
I’d rather you stood over there.
我宁愿你站在那边。 |
I’d rather you didn’t stood over there.
我宁愿你不站在那边。
|
|
I’d prefer it + 过去时态if 分句 |
I’d prefer it if you stood over there.
如果你站在那边我很高兴。 |
I’d prefer it if you didn’t stand over there.
如果你不站在那边我会很高兴。 |
什么时候使用哪一个并没有严格的规定。 不过可以将下面的内容作为基准。
●陈述句要比命令句礼貌，疑问句更有礼貌。
例：stand …＜ I’d like you to stand.
＜ Would you stand…?
●条件时态比现在时态有礼貌。
例：Do you …?/Can you …?
＜ Would you …?/Could you…?
●长的表达要比短的句子有礼貌。
例：Could you…? ＜ Would you mind +-ing…
●不管哪种表达加please都比不加有礼貌。
例：Stand over there. ＜Stand over there, please.
I’d prefer it if you stood over there.
＜I’d prefer it if you stood over there, please.
